This 16 chapter text is about knowledge how to capture it, how to transfer it, how to share it, and how to manage it. Knowledge management is a new complex topic that requires new ways of thinking. Basic concepts of knowledge management executive information. Knowledge management includes all activities involved with the generation, dissemination and maintenance of knowledge to meet organizational goals. A common definition is the collection of processes that govern the creation, dissemination, and leveraging of knowledge to fulfil organisational objectives. Knowledge management relies on an understanding of knowledge, which consists of discrete or intangible skills that a person possesses. A term sometimes used in knowledge management to describe the process of enhancing an organizations ability to implement knowledge management principles and practices. Knowledge management articles management study guide. The following section adopts the process view of knowledge management and presents this view in detail with an eye toward identifying the potential role of information technologies in the various stages of the knowledge management process. Knowledge management km may be defined simply as doing what is needed to get the most out of knowledge resources. Knowledge is an abstract concept without any reference to the tangible. These are usually referred to be knowledge activities. Before we explore knowledge management theories and strategies, lets start with an overview of the meaning of knowledge.
Knowledge management is the transformation of knowledge in the form of insights, understandings, and practical knowhow that we all possess in other manifestations like books, technology, practices, and traditions within organizations of all kinds and in society. Km promotes a collaborative and integrative approach to the creation, capture, organization, and use of intellectual assets including what is known but not necessarily documented. Our definition of knowledge differs from the traditional greek definition of knowledge. It includes a system of classification, a set of empirical observations about the local environment, and a system of self management that governs resource use. For a more comprehensive discussion and definition, see my knowledge management definition. The role of knowledge management in organizational development.
Team conversations, that helps teams define or refine their km definition, see here. Knowledge management km is the systematic management of processes enabling vital individual and collective knowledge resources to be identified, created, stored, shared, and used for the benefit of the actors involved glossary. The aim of the study is to provide a theoretical background to knowledge management and related concepts and to determine the current situation with regard to. Knowledge management is the process of finding, gathering, assessing, organizing, and sharing information or knowledge, such as documents, procedures, resources. Knowledge management apqc is the leading source for innovative thinking and the latest research in knowledge management km. At knowledge praxis, we define knowledge management as a business activity. Pdf according to peter drucker, knowledge has become a major economic resource and a key sourcedrive. The knowledge management service portal enables users to access a portal view of knowledge bases and articles. Information and knowledge management 2 data information applied for a purpose. Knowledge management is a key ingredient in an organizations ability to operate and innovate with factual or reliable information. The knowledgebased view of strategy differs from other schools of thought in strategy in its singular focus on knowledge as the driver of strategy. Author introduced definition of knowledge management, explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge, and three attributes of effective knowledge managementmaturity, dynamic and selfgrowth. The article takes the discussion further by analyzing how a successful knowledge management system can be actualized in practice. Knowledge just as the words data and information are used interchangeably, there is considerable blurring and confusion between the terms information and knowledge.
Probably no better or more succinct singleline definition has appeared since. This article discusses the ways and means to build a successful knowledge management system by examining the case of infosys. This knowledge management tools and techniques manual is the first release of a description of some of the key knowledge management km methods, tools, technologies, and techniques to be considered for selection within a km implementation initiative, especially in small and mediumsized enterprises. Its practical expression is the fusion of information management and organizational learning. It is a very powerful concept, yet it has no clear definition so far. The process of management is defined by the functions of management. The definitions of implicit and explicit knowledge may be traced back to gilbert ryle 19001976 and michael. This is achieved through increased employee involvement in the formulation and administration of the operational goals and longterm. Jan 15, 2018 the classic oneline definition of knowledge management was offered up by tom davenport early on davenport, 1994. Knowledge management km is a discipline that formalizes the management of intellectual assets, enabling effective action through their use. Knowledge management has significantly changed with knowledge v3, which is enabled by default for all instances starting with the fuji release. Knowledge based view of the firm kbv is a management concept of organizational learning that provides firms with strategies for achieving competitive advantage. Tacit knowledge is hard to articulate with formal language.
The key objectives of knowledge management the vision lab. As a discipline, it has reached a state of maturity where. The classic oneline definition of knowledge management was offered up by tom davenport early on davenport, 1994. The paper integrates four terms used in relation to knowledge explicit, tacit, declarative and procedural and it introduces an additional category.
Each of these components plays a significant role in km implementation, and can have a considerable impact on its success or failure. Whether youre developing a km strategy or want best practices from organizations with longstanding km programs, apqc gives. Knowledge is the reason why we drive cars instead of riding horses. Chapter 3 discusses designing knowledge management solutions. Abstract most extant knowledge management systems are constrained by their overly rational, static and acontextual view of knowledge. Knowledge management km knowledge management km refers to a multi disciplined approach to achieve organizational objectives by making the best use of knowledge. The knowledge in knowledge management fred nickols 5292010 this paper was commissioned for and appears in the knowledge management yearbook 20002001. Traditional environmental knowledge is a body of knowledge and beliefs transmitted through oral tradition and firsthand observation.
Knowledge management in theory and practice kimiz dalkir mcgill university. Knowledge management as an organizational innovation has been with us for more than a decade. In the beginning, there was the earth, then came man, and then knowledge. This text will fit in the mis majors course for knowledge management and for some decision support systems courses. Knowledge management meaning and important concepts. What is knowledge management and why is it important. Knowledge management terms, 2009 essential managerial tasks a managers job uniquely describes the functions of management, which are most commonly cited as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, although some managers jobs identify additional functions.
Knowledge management km strategies are broadly classified as codification and personalization. Project integration management is the hardest ka to get your head around because in my opinion it feels so vague. Each book in the series is full of thoughtprovoking ideas, examples and theories to help you understand the key management concepts. Km focuses on processes such as acquiring, creating and shar. Knowledge management km is the process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization.
Knowledge management is the name of a concept in which an enterprise consciously and comprehensively gathers, organizes, shares, and analyzes its knowledge in terms of resources, documents, and people skills. It is available by default for new customers on the madrid and later releases. Knowledge management km cannot be achieved with a single definite activity. After knowledge bases are set up, you can start searching and creating articles. It is important to remember that knowledge management is not about managing knowledge for knowledge s sake. An empirical view of knowledge management knowledg e is a concept and a term that arose about tw o decades ago with much researc h continuing until today to possess a better understanding of it.
The nal view mine combined technical and organizational ini. Knowledge management as an important tool in organisational management. Knowledge management km refers to a multidisciplined approach to achieving organizational objectives by making the best use of knowledge. We have very deliberately provided a broad selection of km definitions. It begins by looking at the traditional definition of knowledge. Chapter 1 explains knowledge management to support the u. Frequent disappointments with past management initiatives have motivated managers to gain new understandings into the underlying, but. Knowledge management and knowledge management systems. Knowledge management may also include new knowledge creation, or it may solely focus on knowledge sharing, storage, and refinement. The overall objective is to create value and leverage and refine the firms knowledge assets to meet organizational goals. Pdf this chapter defines knowledge and knowledge management km. It refers to a multidisciplinary approach to achieve organisational objectives by making the best use of knowledge. The field of knowledge management identifies two main types of knowledge.
Management extra is designed to help you put ideas into practice. In keeping with the tone of that earlier edition subtitled knowledge management the emperors new clothes. At ek, weve adopted a concise definition of knowledge management. The research task, as given to me, was to determine the type of processes taking place within knowledge management to increase the understanding of km. Knowledge management a primer 4 as data is collected step three, a good km approach needs to restructure and align it with the needs of the organization. Knowledge management is the process of capturing, distributing, and effectively using knowledge. A knowledge management system, in this view, requires a knowledge. I feel this definition is inadequate, however, as it limits knowledge management to a set of processes. Km is also related to the concept of intellectual capital. Conceptual foundation and an agenda for research abstract knowledge is a broad and abstract notion that has defined epistemological debate in western philosophy since the classical greek era.
Chapter 4 discusses eveloping knowledge d management solutions. Leaders of successful organizations are consistently searching for better ways to improve performance and results. Knowledge management as an important tool in organisational. Knowledge management not only allows you and your team to gain access to data and knowledge faster, but it enables you to serve your customers better and faster as well. The km subject matter is a subset of content taught in the decision support systems course.
The utilization of the knowledge activities at the resources connected to knowledge which is limited and assisted through an extensive choice of aspects will result in km. Based on the discussion in the previous section, my knowledge management definition is as follows. This paper, based on an ongoing doctoral work, takes a dichotomous view of knowledge as either explicit or tacit and argues that the management of tacit knowledge, so far neglected in the literature on km, is very important in conferring competitive advantages on organisations. Chapter 2 discusses the knowledge management assessments. Approach to learning using cases stories, scenarios, descriptions of real events, etc. We do so by developing some of the themes from an article by miller 2002 entitled information has. Glossary of knowledge management 3 knowledge management the explicit and systematic management of processes enabling vital individual and collective knowledge resources to be identified, created, stored, shared, and used for benefit. At vtt electronics, knowledge management research has been part of software engineering research. The point of this whole knowledge area is to make it clear that everything about project management overlaps and needs to be managed as a holistic whole. Knowledge management there are many definitions of knowledge management. Knowledge management km definitions john girard, ph. This paper looked into the knowledge management from the organizational perspective. Knowledge management is concerned with the exploitation and development of the knowledge assets of an organization with a view to furthering the organizations objectives. While general management is concerned with physical and human resources, knowledge management km refers to the allocation of knowledge assets as a means to improve organizational processes.
Risk management benchmarking a significant element of the business community also views knowledge management as a natural extension of business process reengineering, a fact underscored by the recent announcement that. We define knowledge as a human, dynamic and social process of justifying personal belief towards the truth. There are many taxonomies that specify various kinds of knowledge. Knowledge management can be viewed as getting the right information to the right people at the right time. Comprehensive guide to knowledge management smartsheet. When implementing a knowledge management initiative the knowledge management. Knowledge management, codification and tacit knowledge. Representation of knowledge so that it can be reused either by an individual or an organization. Thomas davenport et all give a more comprehensive definition of knowledge management and its implications. The principles and practice of knowledge management by. How your organizations experts can share their knowledge. Knowledge is more important to our lives than many of us realize. The data pipeline should also archive data in its original form and link these archives with its representation in the system.
From information management to knowledge management. Knowledge management involves the people, process, culture, and enabling technologies necessary to capture, manage, share, and find information. Km focuses on organizing and making available important knowledge, wherever and whenever it is needed. In early 1998, it was believed that few enterprises actually had a comprehensive knowledge management practice by any name in operation. Technology and people related techniques bring to knowledge management the ability to carry out knowledge management processes quickly, efficiently and costeffectively, making it an enabling solution. It is not about the knowledge, it is about knowledge internalization dissemination to tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge from tacit. Knowledge management is the name of a concept in which an enterprise consciously and comprehensively gathers, organizes, shares, and analyzes its. If we go back to our definition of knowledge as the capacity for effective action. Includes all activities, which brings to light knowledge that is new to the individual, to the group, and to the organization. Serban, jing luan in the early 1990s, corporations coined the concept and movement of knowledge management, which is an institutional systematic effort to capitalize on the cumulative knowledge that an organization has. An established discipline since 1991 citation needed, km includes courses taught in the fields of business administration, information systems. Defining knowledge management the international institute for. Knowledge management km is the processes used to handle and oversee all the knowledge that exists within a company. In knowledge management, there are two kinds of knowledge.
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